What is Gregorian Chant?

Original 14th Century chant manuscript

Gregorian Chant is the Catholic Church's original form of sacred music. Sung entirely in Latin, the hymns are considered one of the simplest forms of music. Gregorian Chant was named after Pope Gregory I, more commonly known as St. Gregory the Great. Yet, many agree that Pope Gregory II had a larger role in implanting the Chants into the Catholic Church. Being sung in free rhythm -- without a time signature or meter --  and usually without musical accompaniment, it is easily recognizable. In the original form, no instrumental accompaniment was allowed, but recently, organs can be heard playing in the background of some Gregorian Chants. Additionally, the Chant is monophonic. This means that the singing is done in unison; no harmony is present. Finally, Gregorian Chant is prayer, not just a representation of it. Chanting sacred texts, hymns, the Psalms, readings, the Liturgy of the Hours, or the Roman Catholic Mass in its entirety is a beautiful ritual that has come back into focus and regained popularity in recent years by many Catholics and non-Catholics alike. 

14th Century Gregorian Choir Book displayed in the St. Louis Basilica